Bipiperidine derivatives



Patented Jan. 6, 1953 BIPIPE RIDINE DERIVATIVES Moses Wolf Goldberg; UpperMontclair, and Lester Mischa'Jampolsky, Clifton, N..' J., assign'orstoillofi'mann-Lahoche Inc., Nutley, N. J., a corporation of New Jersey No Drawing. Application April. 29, 1950, SeriaiNo. 159,138

Claims.

This invention relates tonew. chemical'compounds, which may be described. briefly as.4,4'..- bipiperidine derivatives. The nomenclature 4,4-bipiperidine and the system of numbering thereof, used in this specification to describe the compounds of the invention, are the same as the nomenclature and numbering systemcum rently used in Chemical Abstracts? More particularly, the inventionrelates=to 1,l'-bis-quaternary salts of 4,4'-bipiperidine, that is, to compounds wherein. each of the ring nitrogenv atoms at the .1 and 1' positions of 4,4- bipiperidine has been quaternized so that'four valence bonds of each nitrogen atom are connected directly to a carbon atom of an organic radical, the fifth ionicbOIldeOf eachnitrogen atom being connected to an anion. The inven tion rel-ates further to twobis-tertiary bipiperi dine bases, 1,1--dimethyl-4,4 bipiperidine and 1,1'-dibenzyl-4,4'-bipiperidine.- These bis-tertiary bipiperidine bases are particularly useful in preparing certain of the bis-quaternarysalts referred to above; for examplaby-reaction .of said bases with organic quaternizing agents, such as alkyl halides, alkenyl halides, aralkyl halides, aralkenyl halides, cycloalkyl halides", halogen substituted 1 aliphatic carboxylic esters, alkyl sulfates, alkyl esters of aryl .sulfonicacids. and the like.

A specific aspect of the invention isillustrated by a symmetrical bis-quaternary salt of either. of the bis-tertiary bipiperidine bases .abovamentioned with an .aralkyl halideor an -.ara1l'eny1 halide or with a substitution product of either of the foregoing halides; and particularly by ,asymmetrical bis-quaternary salt. of 1,l'.-di;-. methyl-4,4 bipiperidine with a benzylhalide" or a para-substituted benzyl halide, suchfas .benzyl bromide, p-nitrobenzyl bromida. pechlorobenzyl bromide. or 3,4-dimethylbenzy1 chloride.

The 1,1-bis-quaternary salts ,of .4,4 '.-bipiperi.- dine are useful in the field of therapeutics, and more particularly are of. interest because of their curare-like activity.

1,1 -ZimethyZ-4,4Jaipiperiolinev 1 100 ml. of 88 per cent formic acid were added, with cooling, to 'g. of 4,4'*-bipiperidine.- 40 ml; of 38' per cent formaldehydewere'thenadded and the mixture was refluxed for 16 hours." After 2 L cooling, the solution .was acidified with 6N HCl and evaporated to dryness in vacuo. The crystal line residue was dissolved in water, madealkaline and extracted .well with chloroform. The dried chloroform extracts were evaporatedandthe residue distilled at0.1 mm. Hg. Thefraction distilling between 67-7'7 C. wasseparatelycoF lected; it crystallized on standing. The'product was recrystallized from ethyl acetate; M. P: approximately,57-59 C. It was identifiedas 1,1' dimethyl-4A-bipiperidine.

By treatment of an alcoholic solution of the above base with an ether solution of hydrogen chloride; the base'was converted to 1,1"-dimethyleAJ-bipiperidinedihydrochloride, M. P. approximately 3143l6 C- (with decomposition).

EXAMPLE? 1,1 '-'dibenzyl-4,4wbipiperidine The crystalline material formed by adding .20 g;:0f benzyl bromide to 10 g.- of' 4,4-bipiperidine inr.400.ml. ofrefiuxingbenzene was dissolved in water,=.made'alkaline and extracted well with ether; The residue obtained by evaporation of the driedsetherxextractwas crystallized from methanol. and-from acetone. The purified materialamelted at approximately -132-134 C. It was...-identified as 1,1' dibenzyl-k-bipiperidine.

EXAIVLPLE 3 1 ,1 -bis- (2h ydro:1:yethyl) -4,4 -bipiperidine 20 g. of 4,4'-bipiperidine r were dissolved in 400 ml. of water. The solution was cooled to 8 C. and stirred for fiveminutes with ml;-of ethylene oxide. The crystals whic-h'formedwere filtered'ofi and recrystallized 'fromacetone; The purified material thus obtained melted at -ap proximately*123' C. It was identified as' 1,1"! bis- (2-hydroxyethyll-*l,4- bipiperidine.'

EXAMPLE 4 1,1'-bz's- (Z-cyanoethyl) -4,4'-b2'piperidine- A mixture of 200=nil. of aerylonitrile and '7 g. of 4,4'-bipi peridine was refluxed for 1% hours. The residue obtained "after evaporation of the reaction mixture to drynesswas crystallized from methanol three-times. The product-thus- --obtainE meIted-at approximately -109" C. 1 It was identified as 1,1? -bis-( 2-cyanoethyl).-4,4!-bipiperidine.

EXAMPLE '5 1,1 -bis'-.('4-ethomybutyZ) 4,4. mmpe'ridine 36 ml. of lethoxyl bromobutane and -16-.8g.-

of 4,4'-bipiperidine were refluxed together for one hour in 150 ml. of ethanol. After standing a few days at room temperature, the hygroscopic crystals which had formed were filtered, dissolved in water, the solution made strongly alkaline and extracted well with ether. The crystalline residue obtained after evaporation of the ether was extracted with petroleum-ether which took up the desired product. The petroleumether extract was evaporated to dryness and the residue was recrystallized from dilute methanol; M. P. approximately 52 C. The product was identified as l,l-bis-(4-ethoxybutyl)-4,4-bipiperidine.

EXAMPLE 6 1,1'-bis-(4-bromobutyl) 4,4 bipiperidine dihydrobromide 4 g. of 1,1-bis-(4-ethoxybutyl)-4,4'-bipiperidine were dissolved in 25 ml. of 48 per cent hydrobromic acid. After refluxing for 1 hours, 25 ml. more of the hydrobromic acid were added and the solution was refluxed an additional 3 hours. After standing a few days at room temperature, the crystalline material which had formed was filtered i? and recrystallized from water and then again from methanol. The purified material decomposed at approximately 230-233 C. It was identified as l,l'-bis-(4- bromobutyl) 4,4-bipiperidine dihydrobromide.

EXANIPLE '7 1,1 -bis- [2- (diphenylacetomy) ethyl] 4,4 -bipiperidine To a refluxing solution of toluene containing 2.4 g. of 1,1-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4,4-bipiperidine were added 4.4 g, of diphenylacetyl chloride in toluene. An immediate formation of crystals occurred. After refluxing a few minutes, the reaction mixture was cooled and extracted with 6N HCl. The aqueous extract was made alkaline, extracted with ether, and the ether dried and evaporated to a small volume. The crystals which appeared in the ether were twice recrystallized from acetone; M. P. approximately 126- 128 C. The product was identified as 1,l-bis- [2 (diphenylacetoxy) ethyl] -4,4' -bipiperi dine.

EXAMPLE 8 1,1 ;1 ',1 -tetramethyl-4,4'-bipiperidinium diiodide 2.02 g. of 1,1-dimethyl-4,4'-bipiperidine in ml. of benzene were added to a benzene solution of 2.0 ml. of methyl iodide. After standing for twenty hours, the precipitate which formed was separated and crystallized from methanol and then from water. The recrystallized material decomposed at approximately 350-360 C. It was identified as 1,1 1,1' -tetramethyl-4,4-bipiperidinium diiodide.

EXAMPLE 9 1,1 -dimethyZ-1 ,1 -diethyZ-4,4' -bipiperidinium diiodide To 50 ml of benzene containing 5.17 g. of 1,1- dimethyl-4,4-bipiperidine were added 4.5 ml. of ethyl iodide. After standing for 3 days at room temperature the crystals which formed were separated and recrystallized from ethanol; M. P. approximately 295-299 C. (with decomposition). The product was identified as 1,1-dimethyl-1,1- diethyl-4,4-bipiperidinium diiodide.

EXAMPLE 10 1,1 '-dimethyZ-1,1 -bis- (carbethozcymethyl) 4,4-bipiperidinium dibromide 500 m1. of benzene containing 3.9 g. of l,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipiperidine were refluxed for one half hour with 4.5 g. of ethyl monobromacetate. After standing for 24 hours at room temperature, the precipitate which had formed was filtered off, dried and crystallized from ethanol. The recrystallized material decomposed at approximately 225-22'7 C. It was identified as 1,l'-dimethyl-1,1'-bis (carbethoxymethyl) 4,4-bipiperidinium dibromide.

EXAMPLE 11 1,1 -bis- (3-carbethoryallyl) -1,1 '-dimethyl 4,4-

bipiperidinium dibromide 10 ml. of ethyl -bromocrotonate were added to 200 ml, of benzene containing 5 of 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4-bipiperidine. The mixture was allowed to stand at room temperature for 20 hours and the dark precipitate which had formed was separated. It was crystallized from acetonitrileether and then in turn from acetonitrile and from aqueous acetone. The product decomposed at approximately 223-224 C. It was identified as 1,l'-bis (3-carbethoxyallyl)-1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'- bipiperidinium dibromide.

EXAMPLE 12 1,1 '-dimethyZ-1,1 -dibenzyZ-4,4'-bipiperidinium dibromide To 50 ml, of benzene containing 3.8 g. of 1,1- dimethyl-4,4'-bipiperidine were added 3.6 m1. of benzyl bromide. An immediate precipitation occurred. After standing a few hours, the crystals which formed were filtered off and recrystallized from methanol; M. P. approximately 280-282 C. (with decomposition). The product was identified as 1,1'-dimethyl-1,l-dibenzyl-4,4- bipiperidinium dibromide monohydrate.

EXAMPLE 13 1,1'-dimethyZ-1,1'-bis-(p methoxybenzyl) -4,4'-

bipiperidim'um dichloride To 50 ml. of benzene containing 2.4 g. of 1,1- dimethyl-4,4'-bipiperidine were added 3 ml. of p-methoxy-benzyl chloride in 10 ml. of benzene. After standing for 21 hours at room temperature, a small amount of precipitate had formed. The reaction mixture was refluxed for hour, cooled and the crystals filtered off. After recrystallization from ethanol-ether, from aqueous acetone and from water the crystals decomposed at approximately 265-266 C. The product was identified as a hydrate of 1,1-dimethyl-l,1-bis- (p methoxybenzyl) -4,4'-bipiperidinium dichloride. It retained varying amounts of water, depending upon the extent to which it was dried.

EXAIVLPLE 14 1,1-bis-(xv-chlorobenzyl)1,1dimethyl 4,4-bipiperidinium dichloride To 5.3 g. of 1,1-dimethyl-4,4'-bipiperidine in m1. of benzene were added 8.7 ml. of p-chlorobenzyl chloride. After standing at room temperature for 3 days, the crystals which formed were filtered on and recrystallized from methanol-ether. The purified material decomposed at approximately 262 C. It was identified as 1,1- bis (p chlorobenzyl) 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipiperidinium dichloride monohydrate.

.Q Q X H T I lfi trd- (Th rystall'ininaterialtliiis eater ed' a ,recrys'tallizedfrom methanol and then'i'f fin water. 'iThe purified product. decomposed at [approximately 2763p. "It 'w I identified' as;1,lf}bis '(p5nitrobenzyl) 111" 'diinethyl -4,4"-bipip"e'ridinium dibromide. I

"'IQI'JJ is -IZ l iiaphthylmethyllrilredimethyZ-4;4'- TWerrecrystalIiZeclfromthe'samefsolvents.

bipiperz'dinium'dibromide purified'e mpound decomp e ppro'xiip ..&- }1 9i? 5. 3: i Llg'z m ethyl) 1,1'- dibenzyl 4,4'- bipiperidinii ir alertpiperidine and 890mg.- 0f.2-brom0methyl naphmide thalene in benzene wasallowed to remain at room EXAMPLE 21 temperature" for two hours. The crystals which ..formed duringv this period were separated and I O 1/ei y )-1,1'bis-(p-me 0$yrecrystallized from ethanol. {The product; hadea y ##f-biifiperidinium dichloride decompositionrange Q DDLQ flQ Y l?:-2 A mixture of 6.5. ml. of p-methoxybenzylfchlo- *c. "'It'waside'ntified" as 1',1'-bis-(2-;iiap 1 ride and 5"g. of.1,1f-bis-j(2-hydroxyethyl)#4 1- methyl) 1, d ethyl-M'- p fi 'bipiperidine in 200 1. of benzene was refluxed bromide monohydrate. for two hours. The crystals which formed on allowing the reaction mixture to stand at room EXAMPLE temperature for 18 hours were filtered off and 1,1'-dicinnamyZ-1,1-dzmet7tyZ-4,4'- proved to consist mainly of the bipiperidine startbipiperidim'um dibromtde ing material. The residue obtained by evaporation of the benzene filtrate was crystallized from methanol-ether; M. P. approximately 243-244 C.

(with decomposition). This product was iden- 1.'7 g. of freshly prepared cinnamyl bromide were added to a benzene solution containing 415 mg. of 1,1'- dimethyl 4,4'-bipiperidine. After I standing at room temperature for 3 hours, the tlfied as 1,1 3 "L pcrystals which formed were filtered Off and methoxybenzyl)-4,4 -b1p1per1d1n1um dichloride. crystallized from ethanol. The product ghad a 40 EXAMPLE; 22 decomposition range of approximately 21 -241 1 Zs-(Z-hydTQryeth'l/Z)-1,1'-dzethyl- C. It was identified as 1,1 dlcinnamyl 1,1 iumpiperidmium diiodide dimethyl-4,4-bipiperidinium dibromide.

To 225 ml. of ethanol containing 12.3 g. of 1,1- EXAMPLE 18 bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4,4'-bipiperidin were added 8 ml. of ethyl iodide and the resulting mixif:ZggZZZZZZ Q Jj gZ ture was refluxed for two hours. After standing at room temperature for 25 hours, the crystals 2.0 g. of 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4-bipiperidine and which had formed were separated and recrystal- 3.5 ml. of 3,4-dimethylbenzylchloride were relized from methanol; decomposition point apfluxed together in 150 ml. of benzene for 5 hours. proximately 248-250 C. The product was iden- After standing overnight at room temperature, tified as 1,1'-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) -1,1-diethylthe crystals which formed were filtered off and 4,4'-bipiperidinium diiodide. recrystallized from a methanol-acetone mixture. The compound had a decomposition range of ap- EXAMPLE 23 proximately 219 -224" 0. It was identified as 1,1'-dibenzyZ-1,1-bis-(Z-cyanoethyl)-4,4'-

l,lbis -(3,4 dimethylbenzyl) 1,1'- dimethyl bipiperz'dinium dibromide 4,4'bipipe din u d hlo d monohydrate- A mixture of 3.6 g. of 1,1'-bis-(2-cyanoethyl)- EXAMPLE l9 4,4'-bipiperidine and 3.5 ml. of benzyl bromide was refluxed together in 400 ml. of benzen for l bi z h d yethyl) -1 i z 3 hours. The reaction mixture was evaporated 44, bipipe,.idmium til-bromide to dryness in vacuo and the residue was crystallized from dilute acetone. The compound melted A benzene solution contalm of allyl at approximately 315-320 C. (with decomposibromide was added to 2 2 0f ,1'-b tion). It was identified as 1,1'-diben2.yl-1,1'-bisethyl) -4,4-bip-iperidine in benzene. The mix- (g th i eridinium di ture was heated to 60 C., 2.6 ml. of allyl bromide hydrate p p bromide d1 added and the temperature maintained at 60 0. EXAMPLE 24 After hour at 60 C., the solution was refluxed I v for hour and then allowed to stand at room 11:1 ,1 m 'bzmpefidzmum temperature for hours. The benzene was de- 70 dzbmmlde canted from a small amount of gummy material A mixture of 2.7 g. of 1,1'-dibenzyl-4,4' bipiperiwhich had formed, and evaporated to dryness dine and 2.65 g. of benzyl bromide was refluxed in vacuo. The residue was crystallized from together in 200 ml. of benzene for 2 hours. The ethanol, whereupon the decomposition point recrystalline residue obtained by evaporation of the mained constant at approximately 203-218 C. clear reaction mixture was recrystallized from 7 methanol. The purified material decomposed at approximately 300 C. It was identified as 1,1;1',1-tetrabenzyl-4,4=-bipiperidinium dibromide sesquihydrate.

EXAMPLE 25 1,1 -bis [2- (diphenylacetozcy) -ethyl] 1,1

dibenzyZ-4,4'-bipiperidinium dibromide To 40 ml. of benzene containing 2.76 g. of 1,1- bis [2 (diphenylacetoxy) ethyl] 4,4 bipiperidine were added 1.1 ml. of benzyl bromide in 20 ml. of benzene. After refluxing for 4 hours, the reaction mixture was allowed to stand at room temperature for 19 hours. It was then concentrated to dryness in vacuo and the residue was crystallized from dilute alcohol. The compound decomposed at approximately 179-189 C. It

.was identified as 1,1'-bisEZ-(diphenylacetoxy)- ethyl]-1,1-dibenzyl-,4-bipiperidinium dibromide trihydrate.

EXAMPLE 26 1,1 ;1 ',1 -di-tetmmethyZene-4,4 -bipiperidinium dibromide About 5 g. of solid potassium hydroxide were added to 20 ml. of warm water containing 3.2 g. of 1,l-bis-(4-bromob .1ty1)-4,4-bipiperidine dihydrobromide. An oil separated which crystallized on cooling. Afterrecrystallization from ethanol-ether, the product melted at approximately 319-320 C. It was identified as 1,1;1',1'-di-tetramethylene 4,4-bipiperidinium dibromide monohydrate.

We claim:

1. Symmetrical 1,1-dimethyl-1,1-bis-R-4,4'- bipiperidinium salts, wherein R is a radical selected from the group consisting of benzyl, pmethoxybenzyl, p-chlorobenzyl, -nitrobenzyl and 3,4-dimethylbenzyl.

2. 1,1 dimethyl 1,1 bis (p methoxybenzyl) -4,4-bipiperidinium dichloride.

3. 1,1 dimethyl 1,1 bis (p chlorobenzyl) -4,4=-bipiperidinium dichloride.

4. 1,1 dimethyl 1,1 bis (p nitrobenzyl) 4,4-bipiperidinium dibromide.

5. 1,1 dimethyl 1,1 dibenzyl 4,4 bipiperidinium dibromide.

MOSES WOLF GOLDBERG. LESTER MISCHA JAMPOLSKY'.

REFERENCES CITED The following' references are of record in the file of this patent:

King et al.: J. Chem. Soc. (London), 1940, DD. 1307-1320. 

1. SYMMETRICAL 1,1''-DIMETHYL-1,1''-BIS-R-4,4''BIPIPERIDINIUM SALTS, WHEREIN R IS A RADICAL SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF BENZYL, PMETHOXYBENXYL, P-CHLOROBENZYL, P-NITROBENZYL AND 3.4-DIMETHYLBENZYL. 